Thursday, December 13, 2012

Kamikaze, Men, Heroes




At some point it becomes difficult to continue, to write about an event.  At some point, you feel that no matter what and how you write, it will be inadequate in terms of justice to the significance of the event, to the degree of the horror, the pervasiveness of extreme heroism.  At such a point, it is best to simply state a few facts and trust that the humanity of the reader will be enough.

On December 13, 1944, 68 years ago today, a Japanese plane armed with two bombs, piloted by a Kamikaze pilot of the 201st Air Group, Shimpu Attack Unit, Mabalact Airfield, Philippines, crashed into the Nashville at almost 500 miles an hour.

Impact, explosion of the bombs, explosions of the ready-ammo on deck, fires, all in seconds.  Some men’s bodies were instantly vaporized, some torn into two, three, four pieces by the blast or shrapnel, some shredded by hundreds of pieces of hot, small shrapnel, some burned instantly, some far too slowly.  190 men were wounded, 133 died.  Uncounted was the common acts of heroism, to save shipmates, to save the ship.  Men rushed through 70 foot flames, into exploding ammunition, to rescue crew-mates or fight fires.  Others stayed at their duty stations searching the sky for another Kamikaze while Nashville held her place in line.  

I can tell you this, the look in the eyes of the crew that relayed this event to me was different than anything else I had seen from them.  Nothing was ever the same for the men of the Nashville.

List courtesy of William R. Parker, son of Nashville Marine PFC William L. Parker, who was wounded in the attack:

Marines Wounded
Cpl William J. Clement
Cpl Dale N. Fielder
PFC Raymond J. Jollicouer
PFC Williard B. Limbaugh
PCF Peter M. Liska, Jr.
Cpl James P. Nelson
PFC William L. Parker
Sgt Paul J. Reilly
PFC harold W. Strus
PFC Charles E. William

Marines Mortally Wounded
PFC Ralph G. Acosta
PFC Ellsworth P. Montgomery
PFC William C. Randle

Marines Killed In Action
PltSgt Roland E. Bailey
PFC Donald E. Bielfuss
PFC Eldon E. Buckner Jr.
PFC Jesse L. Clay
PFC James N. Constant
PFC Donald DeBruyn
Cpl Leslie D. Edwards
PFC Denzel J. Faubion
PFC Julian Gonko
PFC Robert W. Grisham
PFC John R. Kohl
PFC Gazel P. Koren
PFC David D. Kottler
Cpl Lyle E. Mahoney
PFC Warren W. Marshall
PFC Donald J. McMullen
Cpl Frederick M. Peir
PFC Dominic R. Pellicino Jr
PFC James A. Richard
PFC Frank L. Schallmoser
PFC Harold W. Stiener
PFC Franklyn F. Thompson
Cpl Robert L. Utton
Sgt Jerome J. Vallner
PFC Marion P. Young

An even greater number of sailors were wounded and killed.


Friday, November 23, 2012

HISTORY LEAVES US, AGAIN


This past week I received notice of more Humble Heroes that very recently passed away: Joseph Daniel Marion, Kenneth Gail Henry and Patrick Carigan. Each of these men served with distinction, bravery, honor and as is so true of all of the Nashvillers I have met, great humbleness. I was closest to Patrick. In fact, Patrick and his lovely wife Phyllis became good friends with my wife Gigi and me. Our familial friendship had historical root, Patrick was close friends with my Dad aboard the Nashville. They shared many a laugh during liberty in Australia and many, many stressful times during long months at sea under surface and air attacks by Japanese forces culminating in the Kamikaze attack of December 13, 1944 that killed 133 men and wounded another 190.

I first met Patrick in Nashville, Tennessee at my first ship’s reunion. I walked into the hotel’s reserved bar area where many a Nashviller and wife was chatting away over cocktails, telling stories all have heard and all were eager to share again. A tall, stately looking gentleman across the room caught my eye. He seemed to be starring at me with a look of recognition, like he was surprised and happy to see me. He slowly walked across the crowded room towards me, a glide more than a walk, as his gaze never left me. With a resonant, warm voice of affection, he said “You’re George Bustin’s son aren’t you?” “Yes sir, I am” I replied, rather stunned as no one but the head of the reunion association, Marine Don Hill, knew I was coming to the event. “Well, I loved your Dad and can remember many a night when he entertained us on watch with his harmonica, he played all the great tunes of the day” Patrick said in that eloquent, drawn out Kentucky dialect. And with that, our friendship commenced with neither hesitation nor reservation.

He was extremely helpful in providing information for the book, genuinely kind, considerate and generous to my Mom, Uncle Charlie and wife Gigi. An intelligent and charming man, brave and unassuming, he was the epitome of a Humble Hero. Patrick, we loved you and will miss you. With the passing of Joseph, Kenneth and Patrick, and the others that have gone before, we all have less in our lives. But we are all better off for the way their lived theirs.

 Joseph, Kenneth and Patrick, we all owe you a debt that cannot be paid, thank you for your service and your sacrifice.

Monday, April 16, 2012

The Doolittle Raid, 70 Years Ago

The 70th anniversary of the famous Doolittle Raid is tomorrow April 18th. The surviving Doolittle Raiders; Lt. Col. Richard E. Cole, Lt. Col. Robert L. Hite. Lt. Col. Edward J. Saylor, Maj. Thomas C. Griffin and Master Sgt. David J. Thatcher are expected to appear at the reunion April 17-20 at Wright Patterson AFB in Dayton Ohio. For the first time there will be a private Chinese representative, Hu Dixian of Zhejian, China, the daughter of Liu Li Senlin who helped one of the Doolittle Raiders in China. At least twenty five surviving B-25s will fly in for the event, the largest gathering of the venerable bomber since the War. More than 25,000 people are also expected to attend what Aviation Online Magazine is reporting as the last Raiders reunion. However, I have not found any other information that states this is the last reunion. I believe the reunions will continue in some form until all of these brave men are gone. These iconic heroes, all men in their 90s, are living American history. Sometime on April 18th they will stand at attention before a simple but elegant display case of 80 silver goblets, each engraved with the name of a Doolittle Raider. In fact, each name is engraved twice, one for reading right side up and the other, for those that have passed, to be read when the goblet is turned upside down. Seventy five are upside down. Lt. Col. Richard Cole, 96, will say “To those who have gone” to be repeated by the others together, as one, “To those who have gone.” There were eight Raiders captured by the Japanese, three of whom were executed, a fourth died in a Japanese prison camp, three more died attempting to reach landing fields in China and another ten died later in the war. Two who survived were shot down over Germany and met each other in the German camp Stalag Luft III, the camp depicted in the movie “The Great Escape”. Recently, I have had the distinct privilege of corresponding with Jonna Hoppes Doolittle, the granddaughter of Colonel Doolittle. She has written “Calculated Risk: The Extraordinary Life of Jimmy Doolittle” and “Just doing My Job: Stories of Service From World War II”, both excellent books. She is now reading “Humble Heroes, How The USS Nashville Cl43 Fought WWII.” We must never forget, not only the men of the Doolittle Raiders, but the very reason they made their sacrifice and what it ultimately means to all Americans as well as those that continue to fight for freedom.

Thursday, March 15, 2012

Connections Unforeseen

“Humble Heroes, How The USS Nashville CL43 Fought WWII” was published almost 5 years ago. Yet, rarely does a week go by when I do not hear from a son, granddaughter or nephew of one of the Nashville crew. On occasion it is because the Humble Hero had recently passed away and the loved one is reaching out for information or giving thanks. At times, it is from someone not connected to the ship or crew and they are kind enough to take the time to write how much they enjoyed the book. But most often is when a loved one first becomes aware that there is a book about the USS Nashville. This happens frequently after the Humble Hero has passed and family is clearing out personal belongings. These cases are particularly moving and rewarding as I have been told it allows people to feel closer in some ways to each other and a father, grandfather or uncle as it may be.

One particular case exemplifies this and provides some insight as to why I feel I have received so much from others. A call came in one day from a woman who’s husband served aboard the Nashville. He had recently passed away and had left a very large family that included many grandchildren, a close family that always spent holidays together. That first Thanksgiving for them was very sad indeed, as you would expect. In fact, it was painful enough that they considered not having a big Christmas that year as they had always done. But this woman’s daughter started searching on the Internet for anything related to the USS Nashville. This is very common in such losses. In her searches, she came across the book. Again, this is common, but what happened next is not. She ordered and received the book and immediately opened it, not to the beginning but to the middle, a random page. On that page was a photograph of several unnamed Nashville crew on liberty in Australia. One of them was her grandfather. Imagine, just imagine how she felt, the loss, still oppressive and raw, and she sees that photo. That is what prompted the call from her widowed mother.

The woman told me that when they discovered the book and that page, they decided to go on with a large family Christmas that year and that each of the grandkids was given a gift of the book so they could know and remember what their grandfather did at one point in his life. The kids read parts of it aloud and shared the discovery at Christmas. The woman told me “Thank you, the book saved Christmas for us and made it very special for our family”.

Life rolls

on but it is important to stop, think and feel those that went before us. An email just a few moments ago, advising me of another Nashviller passing this week, prompted me to do just that and write this entry.

Tuesday, December 13, 2011

Kamikaze Devastates Nashville 67 Years Ago Today: Survivors Carry On

This excerpt from the book was posted this day last year and I can not think of a reason not to repost today, 67 years to the day that a bomb-laden Kamikaze from Negros Island, Philippines forever altered the lives of the crew. A couple of men have called me today, a significant date in their lives. Many of the survivors still deal with injuries and trama almost 7 decades later. Casualties on a steel warhsip are particularly horrific with the ship itself becoming a dangerous weapon a steel, paint, ammunition and people are literally vaporized. Think for a moment of these brave men and the many others of that era and say thank you in whatever manner you may.

This is a brief excerpt from the book:
At 1457, just as the Nashville was coming about the southern end of Negros Island, steaming towards the Sulu Sea, sharp-eyed lookouts spotted a Val single engine plane at 5,000 feet just over the island off the starboard side of the ship. The crew thought the ship astern was the target and indeed it appeared that way from the dive path of the plane. Crewmembers were thinking, “Oh God, they are going to get it if that plane gets through.” But then in an instant the pilot banked so hard left that his wings were perpendicular to the water, and with that the fate of the Nashville and her crew was forever altered. Men watched in horror and disbelief as they could see bombs fastened on both wings as the plane bore down on them with every intention of killing as many of them as possible. Apparently aiming for the bridge, where nearly thirty officers and men were present, the tip of the right wing caught the end of a 40mm anti-aircraft gun port- side just aft and the plane slammed into the Nashville amidships at 400 miles an hour with an instant and powerful impact. The ship violently bolted and shuddered, the first evidence for the crew below decks that something had gone horribly wrong. The bomb on the right wing exploded ten feet above the port five-inch battery, sending a powerful shockwave and a deadly shrapnel spray across the deck, ripping through steel bulkheads, gun barrels, ammunition, decking, and human beings. The left wing broke loose and its bomb exploded ten feet above the starboard five-inch battery, shooting a violent concussion wave and hundreds of pieces of red-hot jagged shrapnel in all directions. Body parts, specks of flesh, fluids of both man and machine blew through doorways, along bulkheads, against men, and down hallways along much of the length of the ship.
Aviation gasoline spewed forth soaking men, ammunition, guns, and everything else before exploding in a millisecond, sending flames more than seventy feet forward and higher than the ship’s smokestacks. Searing fires erupted from the foremast to the mainmast topside. The blast literally clogged the on deck blow intakes and momentarily knocked out the fires in the fireroom, but men like John. W. Bosier CMM ran topside, cleared the intakes, and relit the fires quickly.
Fires also erupted on the second deck, in the #2 fireroom, uptakes on the third deck, and in the superstructure as high as the signal bridge. The burning aviation fuel then ignited a five-inch ready ammunition box portside causing more deadly explosions. Still, the horror continued as the fifty-caliber machine gun ammunition from the Japanese plane exploded as did some of the ship’s 20mm and 40mm ammunition, creating a deadly blast of bullets and shrapnel flying in all directions.
The scene on deck was nothing short of pure horror surpassing a man’s worst nightmares. The Nashville was a vessel of death and destruction. Men were blown overboard. Men’s bodies were penetrated by jagged searing hot metal fragments, limbs were torn from torsos, torsos from trunks, and some simply disintegrated in the concussion and fire. The ship itself fared no better than the crew. Large five-inch guns were twisted like putty, melted and put out of commission as were 40mm and 20mm guns amidships, the thirty-six-inch searchlights simply ceased to exist, the teak decks were shredded like toothpicks, bulkheads crushed and burnt, paint seared off, gun barrels twisted like straws.
A bomb or shell exploding on a ship kills and maims in multiple, horrible ways. The pressure of the blast itself attacks in a wave that crushes bodies, strips flesh and muscle from bone, and in some cases totally vaporizes human beings. It is not simply metal bomb fragments that also kill but the ship’s own metal pieces blasted into tiny fragments, even liquefied that then pass through a man’s body at hypersonic speed.
The memory of the attack remained seared into the minds of the survivors for the rest of their lives. James D. Baccus was stationed in Turret 1 for general quarters. “We had just come back from the Mess Hall and I was sitting on the deck inside the turret, playing Backgammon, when the ship shook and there was one hell of a noise. I then looked through the scuttle hole in the deck of the turret, where the shell cases are ejected to the ship’s deck, and several sailors were crawling under the overhang for protection. They were bloody, some with legs and arms either gone or badly injured.” Most of the men James saw would not survive.
“So many of my shipmates, some close friends dead and wounded. The wounds were so terrible, especially the burns,” remembered William Smith, Chief Shipfitter.
Hugh D. Patrick and a buddy ran topside as soon as they realized what had happened and they immediately heard frantic pounding on a closed hatch. They opened the hatch and continued forward to see if they could help and then in essence rescued a doomed sailor. It was almost fifty years later that Frank Prentice tracked down Hugh to thank him for saving his life by opening that hatch.
GM3c Alfonso Garcia Vejar had just left his station as he was relieved and went below deck to eat. The man that took his place was killed instantly. Alfonso was alive by sheer chance and fate.
James Clark received a Purple Heart as a result of the attack, “I was stationed in a 40mm gun director with a guy named Johnson when the kamikaze attack occurred, the plane hit directly below us. Our gun crew, which was one level below and closer to the plane, was hit hard. Later, after all the fires were out I was back at my station and witnessed a Marine near the top of the ladder who was so badly wounded his body was just a heap and his clothing was smoldering. I didn’t know how this man could be alive. When a Marine officer approached him he held out his hand and said, ‘help me sir.’ I know that Marine officer has had many nightmares about that incident and I can still see it.”
The blast blew men into bulkheads, across the deck and through doorways. Ed Roiek MM1 was blown clear through two doorways yet managed to survive.
“I was told to switch the shift with one of my shipmates,” said Maury Jack Wood, Ship Cook 1c. “The kamikaze hit the ship where a shipmate took my shift. He was killed and it should have been me. I will never forget this as long as I live. I have shared this information with my family.”
Those that were below decks were lucky and they knew it. John J. Cotton SK2c said, “I am here because I was in a repair party below decks.”
Young Edward “Bulldog” Remler rushed into the overcrowded Sick Bay to help the doctors and medics any way he could. Wounded, dead, and dieing were piling up in the corridor as if they were coming off an assembly line. Horribly mangled men all about, screams of agony, groans, vomiting, blood mixed with body fluids of all sorts pooling up to his ankles, the sound of anti-aircraft guns firing and exploding ammunition decks above him formed a Kaleidoscope memory in his mind, never to fully leave him. Incredibly, there was another memory to return even more forcefully in his future. Bulldog had to hold men down while limbs were amputated, sometimes without full anesthesia. After the first amputation the doctor told him to take the severed leg of a sailor. Bulldog burst out, “What do you want me to do with it?” and was promptly told to toss it into a corner where others were beginning to form a sizeable pile. Nearly fifty years later, at one of the ship’s reunions, he spotted a one-legged man in a wheelchair, someone he had not seen at any prior reunion. It was of course that first sailor he held. They became fast friends and at times traveled together on vacations and to reunions.

Sunday, December 4, 2011

Pearl Harbor Day and the USS Nashville "SONS"

Another piece of the Greatest Generation will fade away December 31st this year when the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association, founded in 1958, will dissolve. The current 2,700 members are well into their 80s and 90s and about 120 of them will attend the Pearl Harbor ceremonies this December 7. This year’s ceremonies will also be marked by the internment of two Pearl Harbor veterans, Vernon Olsen and Lee Soucy. Olsen will be interred with his 1,117 USS Arizona shipmates and Soucy with his on the USS Utah.

Time and age have obviously ravaged the generation that had 84,000 uniformed members in Hawaii that fateful day in 1941. But it has not been able to suppress the indomitable spirit of those storied men and women. Their children and grandchildren created and run the nearly 20 chapters of “The Sons and Daughters of Pearl Harbor Survivors”, a fitting and impressive tribute.

There is a similar, albeit, to date a small and informal tribute to the men who served aboard the Nashville. Known as “SONS” (Sons of Nashvillers), it was born of happenstance during the St. Louis Reunion of 2009 when Tim Bonnell (son of Charles Robert Bonnell), Tommy Hewell (son of Fred Clinton Hewell, Jr.) and I (son of George Leland Bustin) met for the first time. (pictured). All of our fathers had passed but the three of us immediately connected through their shared service, our love of our fathers and our commitment to preserving the legacy of a great ship. I am not sure who among us first coined the acronym SONS, but it is irrelevant. It is not about us, but about paying due tribute to our fathers and all the men of the USS Nashville and by extension, the Greatest Generation. In 2012 we will more formally create the organization and actively reach out to others connected with the crew. We will set up a process to preserve and pass on the many artifacts related to the Nashville when the founding SONS are gone. Recently, Tim Bonnell discovered that his long time pastor was a son of a Nashviller himself, a connection that had escaped both men for many years. In fact, their fathers were in the same division and most likely knew or knew of each other, as is true of all of our fathers. You can be sure there are many, many more such connections to be made.

It is imperative the story of the ship and the sacrifices of her crew remain alive and carried to future generations. Today, it is not unusual for college students and many other Americans to be ignorant of what December 7, 1941 was, what it means not only for America but it’s place in world history and how it continues to shape our country today. Be it from political correctness, benign neglect or simply ignorance, teaching this history has become rare in our education system. In time, that can be a bigger tragedy than the event itself. SONS will do our part to not let that happen.

Tuesday, October 18, 2011

America is Losing Her WWII Vets, Nashville Her Crew

Over 16.1 million people served in America’s armed forces during WWII. Today, 2.25 million serve (including reserves), a significant difference. More significant is the percentage of the population serving. During WWII over 12% of the population wore a uniform, today it is less than 1%. A tremendously greater level of national commitment that would require a mind-boggling 37.8 million Americans under arms today.

WWII Veterans suffered 400,000 killed, 671,000 wounded and 35,000 missing in action and there are approximately 2.7 million still alive. We lose between 800-1,200 every day. Every single day. Soon they will be gone, all of them, and we will be without a live source of that part of American history.

Over the past few months I have received calls and letters reminding me of the harsh, personal reality of those numbers, as the Nashville crew continues to pass on. We lost Harrison LeRoy Frost, Jr., John T. “Jack” Baldwin, Jr., Lester Lindsay Morton, Jr., Vincent “Jim” Spiering and just today, "Papa" Joe Venaglia. Each of these men served with great valor and honor. Lester Morton for instance, with total disregard for his own life, entered a burning turret, repeatedly, to pull out 18 severely wounded Marines and cared for them hours afterwards. Such heroism was not uncommon aboard the Nashville. There were hundreds of similar stories, hundreds of acts of bravery and self-sacrifice among the crew. Many of the men even refused medals including the Purple Heart for fear the government letter home would worry and frighten their loved ones. As my uncle Charlie, himself a veteran, once said to me not long before he passed away, “Where do we get such men?!”. Well, I don’t think I can answer that, but I do know we have them, many of them, then and now.

If you know a veteran, or meet one, thank them. Tell them they are not forgotten, that they are respected and appreciated. And ask them to tell you a story you should never forget.

Thursday, October 13, 2011

US Navy, 236 Years of Freedom

Today the United States Navy is 236 years old. The greatest, most powerful, most dominant navy in the history of the planet was not always so. It started in a most humble manner on October 13, 1774 when the Continental Congress authorized two armed vessels to search for British munitions ships,. And humble it stayed for some time thereafter as the navy was essentially disbanded after the Revolutionary War. It was not until the Naval Act of 1794 that authorized construction and manning of six frigates to protect American merchant ships from the notorious Barbary Pirates that the navy again had any presence on the high seas. Still, six ships, humble.
Through the 19th century the navy grew but continued to be a regional force at best, until Theodore Roosevelt sent the “Great While Fleet” on a goodwill-show of force tour around the world. The 20th century presented threats and opportunities on an horrific new scale, culminating with WWII. Entering the largest global conflict in history, the US Navy was as undermanned, underarmed and overmatched as the rest of the American military. However, by the end of WWII, the US Navy had made the world’s oceans an American lake and constituted 90% of all the ships on the planet.
Today, the US Navy dwarfs that of any of country’s. It has the worlds largest carrier fleet with the most advanced carriers of any nation. In terms of tonnage, it is larger than the next 13 navies, combined. With over 286 active ships, 3,700 aircraft, 328,000 active and 101,000 reserve personnel, it dominates the high seas even more than the British did in the 1700s. There has never been such a massive disparity between the world’s most powerful navy and any others, allies or enemies.
The USS Nashville of course played an integral part in naval history, starting with being a new ship in a small navy that faced overwhelming odds at the beginning of WWII, to being part of the most powerful navy the world had ever seen at the time. Her heritage, as part of American Naval Heritage, lives on.

Wednesday, September 14, 2011

A Nashviller Son-In-Law Has Unique Perspective: Veteran Aboard Prat

Chief Warrant Officer William Carter had the unique experience of serving aboard the Nashville after she was sold to Chile and re-named Admiral Prat. His father-in-law served about the Nashville. Nashvillers, their families, friends and fans of the ship should find these comments comforting.


Sir:

As a CTI1(NAC) I served in Prat while on Unitas XVII (1976) as an "adviser" for communications and operations. As a Spanish linguist I served on many of the allied ships during UNITAS XVII and XVIII.
I was berthed in the Chief's Mess and made many friends during my two weeks in Prat. My late
Father-in-Law served in Nashville for part of WW II as a Chief Petty Officer. When I mentioned this to several of the Chiefs, they put together a "care package" for my then Father-in-Law. I reported aboard shortly after daybreak while in port in Talcahuano, Chile.
My introduction to the ship was very abrupt and very impressive. As soon as I stepped aboard, the ships band began playing our National Anthem, followed by the Chilean National Anthem. After this I was shown a brass plaque, set in the deck which gave the history of the kamikaze strike which killed and wounded so many of her crew. BTW, I never saw any crewman step on the plaque, they always walked around it!
Among the exercises was a surface gun shoot in which the Prat fired all her 6" and 5" guns. For someone raised in the modern Navy in which each destroyer or cruiser only has one or at most two 5" gun mounts, you can't imagine just how neat this was to experience! BTW, she was mainly made of stainless steel and was in superb shape. She hit 32 knots during one speed trial while I was serving in her! That was most impressive as her design speed was 32.5 knots!
Most of the ships I served aboard during my 27 years in the Navy are all scrapped. The Nashville/Prat is also gone. Unfortunately, nothing lasts forever!

Sincerely,

William (Bill) Carter
Chief Warrant Officer, U.S.N.(Ret)

Thursday, July 14, 2011

A Nashviller Nephew Writes...

From Colonel Clifton H. Aldrich, United States Army, Retired

Mr. Bustin,

I applaud your research and publication about the USS Nashville. I too have become interested in the history of that ship. You see my uncle CFC Edward B. McGettrick, may have served on that ship longer than any other. He has passed (2003) now and my talks with him about the war were too few and too brief. He served from Jun 1938 until November 1944, departing the Ship on 27 Nov to attend a chief fire control school. He came aboard as seaman 3d class and left as a Chief Fire Control being promoted in Aug of 1944. Obviously, he was not on board when it was hit by the kamikaze attack on 13 Dec. It haunted him that he was not there but conflicted him because he probably would have been killed if he was. The information I have comes mostly from my conversations with him, my Father's conversation with him relayed to me, my Mothers stories, and the reading of his letters to my Mother and Father during the war, his younger sisters stories. She was a Navy Lieutenant nurse at the Chelsea Naval Hospital where he was treated and discharged in late 1946. And the Navy ships musters recently released. I have recently requested his military records and awaiting to know more about him.

I was the only nephew he ever talked to about his service most probably because I spent 32years in the Army. Entered as a private and retired as a Colonel in 1993. I was shocked when attending his funeral that I was the only one there that knew any more than that he had been in the Navy. And many would not have known if it were not for a portrait picture of him and his sister in uniform that had been taken by my Father. Only his sister (also now passed) could talk about his Navy service. It was then that I became determined to know as much as I could about his service this great Ship and his life during those eight years.

My Uncle was silently proud of his Naval service and attended a number of reunions. One I was able to talk to him on one of my infrequent visits about was one at Nashville Tennessee. He was quite proud that he was recognized for having been the longest serving crewman at that reunion. He like all you highlighted in your book loved the USS Nashville and for him actually grew up as a crewman on the Nashville.

I find myself trying to place myself in his shoes, responding to General Quarters, living on board ship moving from point to point at risk and in harms way, growing with increased responsibility and providing fire support. I was trained and served as a Army Field Artilleryman and to this day cannot imagine the simultaneous and continuous firing of the equivalent of nearly two battalions of 155mm Artillery within a area of 200 meters. I feel I really would have liked to be there to serve.

I regret that I was not able to sit with him and his brothers an sister to document their service. He had a brother who served on the USS Finnegan, a brother who was a merchant marine, a brother who landed with the 9th Army Artillery on Utah Beach on 10 Jun 1944, and his Sister the nurse. He was one of eight and the other three girls were at home with their children.

I am sorry if this rambling has gone on but the purpose was to determine if in your research you came across any reference to my Uncle. I am going to try to chronicle his service in some way so that the rest of the family will know him and of his extraordinary service to our Nation.

Sincerely
Clifton H. Aldrich

Sunday, June 5, 2011

D-Day, 67 Years Ago, Remembrance

June 6, 1944, 67 years ago, an eternity to most people, American, British and Canadian troops landed on the beaches of Normandy and across the French countryside to literally, liberate Europe from Nazi occupation. Part of Operation Overlord, the naval operations code named Operation Neptune, included 1,213 naval warships from the United States, Britain, Canada and to a lesser extent, the Netherlands, Poland, Norway, Greece and France, all navies in exile. In addition, 4,126 landing and other craft were provided and 3,500 used in the greatest sea

invasion in history. The navy did more than simply provide transportation of men and material, it provided (at times close in) bombardment of heavily defended German positions, underwater demolition teams, minesweeping, anti-aircraft fire, anti-submarine patrol, corpsmen and critical evacuation under heavy fire of the wounded.

The total casualties during D-Day and the few critical days after will never been truly known on either side. It is generally recognized there were 6,036 American casualties during the battle of which 4,900 died, including 1,068 US Navy sailors, not a well known fact. Again, there remains academic dispute on the exact casualty figures. No matter, thousands died in the name of freedom and the liberation of a continent.

One has to wonder, looking at the high casualty numbers within a short period of time, and the absolute horror and carnage we all think we have some understanding of due to the movie “Saving Private Ryan”, one has to wonder, how would the media treat this today? What politicians would demand an investigation, what politicians would summons the head of the Joint Chiefs before a well-publicized Senate committee, and what groups and organizations would scream for an immediate withdrawal?

We live in a different world, sometimes a better world, sometimes not. Do not let that stand in the way of remembering and honoring the men who sacrificed all to save the world. So today we remember, we honor and we respect.

Monday, April 18, 2011

The Doolittle Raid 69th Anniversary: Greatness Endures




April 18, 1942, 69 years ago today, my father and the rest of the Nashville crew were participating in the most famous naval raid in American history. Few men survive from that day but of those that do, most have vivid memories of the event that became legend.

What would become known as the “Doolittle Raid” (often referred to as the Halsey-Doolittle Raid in navy circles) was an ingenious, audacious plan born of defeat, necessity, American resiliency and President Roosevelt’s insistence on hitting back at Japan both for military and morale reasons.

By Spring 1942, much of the backbone of the US Navy was at the bottom of the shallow waters of Pearl Harbor, continuing to ooze oil, the overwhelmed and undersupplied Marines on Wake Island had surrendered, Guam had fallen, American and Filipino forces had been defeated in the Philippines after a prolonged stubborn resistance, Japan had invaded the Solomons, Burma and Singapore, attacked Port Moresby, Australia and had swept the British Navy from the Pacific. The expanding Japanese empire of conquest stretched over 6,000 miles at its perimeter and 320,000 Allied soldiers, airmen, marines and sailors had been killed, wounded or captured at a cost of 15,000 Japanese casualties. The war was at a critical low point for America and the Allies and good news was nonexistent. That was about to change.

The very idea that land based bombers taking off from the short, pitching deck of an aircraft carrier came from Navy Captain Francis Low, an anti-submarine officer, when he saw both bombers and the painted outline of a carrier deck at the naval air station in Norfolk, Virginia. Colonel Jimmy Doolittle, a brilliant aviation pioneer, subsequently planned out the complex details of the attack and hand-picked his volunteers, none of whom knew exactly what they were volunteering for at the time. The mission was so secret that not even the commander of the USS Hornet, Captain Marc A. Mitscher, the ship designated to launch the attack, knew of it until the planes were loaded aboard the ship on April 1, 1942 in Alameda, California. Only then was he told of the plan to attack Japan. You have to wonder if he had a moment of thinking this was a very bad April Fools joke.

Nashville played a critical role in Task Force 16 when Japanese pickett ships were encountered 600 miles from Japan, 200 miles short of the planned launch distance. Nashville was ordered to “quickly” destroy the pickett ships before they could send a message to Tokyo that an American fleet had been sighted. A more difficult target could not have been imagined. Rough seas, with waves that washed over the bow of Nashville and against the superstructure several stories high, combined with poor visibility and a small, bobbing target frequently obscured by crests of swells presented a challenge. But Nashville prevailed, sinking the Nito Maru and taking her survivors prisoner as Doolittle’s Raiders were forced to launch well beyond their fuel range.

The story of the bravery and tenacity of the Raiders is well known, as it should be. But the norm for telling that story has become one of too often downplaying the damage done as to be almost superficial and not giving full measure to the war changing impact of the raid itself. The fact is that the bombers hit not only Tokyo but also Yokosuka, Kobe and Nagoya. The Japanese suffered 50 dead, 400 injured and damage to oil tanks, steel mills, power plants and army barracks, with 90 buildings destroyed. In addition, the aircraft carrier Ryuho was bombed and her launch delayed until November. While compared to latter, massive B29 bombing raids against Japan the damage was indeed minor, but for the time, it was more than the pinprick described in history books and articles.

Most significantly of course was the tremendous impact it had on the Japanese psyche and ultimately a flawed, fatal Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) battle strategy. The Japanese people and military were absolutely stunned that an attack could be made on the home islands. Radio JOAK in Tokyo just that morning, made the statement that such a thing would never happen and yet, just as the capital was finishing up an air raid drill that no one took seriously, American land based bombers appeared out of thin air to bomb several cities, including the capital where the Emperor-God lived.

The IJN immediately pulled back significant forces to protect the home islands including Admiral Chuichi Nagumo’s 5 fast carrier groups that had already sunk or driven the British Navy from the Indian Ocean. Admiral Yamamoto became convinced the American fleet must be lured into a decisive battle and destroyed and thus planned the ill-fated operation at Midway that dealt a slow but sure deathblow to the IJN, moving the Japanese from an expansionist, aggressive strategy to a defensive one for the remainder of the war. They never recovered. It is not inaccurate to state that the Doolittle Raid changed the course of the war and may have in fact shortened it by many months.

Today, we salute all of the members of Task Force 16:

The Doolittle Raiders
USS Hornet CV8
USS Enterprise CV6
USS Northampton CA26
USS Vincennes CA44
USS Salt Lake City CA25
USS Nashville CL43
USS Balch DD363
USS Gwin DD433
USS Benham DD397
USS Grayson DD435
USS Ellet DD398
USS Monssen DD436
USS Fanning DD385
USS Meredith DD434
USS Sabine AO25
USS Cimarron AO22
USS Thresher SS200
USS Trout SS202

By the end of 1942 the Hornet, Vincennes, Benham, Northampton, Monssen and Meredith would be sunk. By the end of the war, only the Enterprise, Nashville and Grayson survived. And on this 69th anniversary, only 5 Doolittle Raiders are alive, with the last of the pilots, Bill Bower, passing away in January 2011 at age 93.

Today, the USS Hornet CV12, the replacement ship for USS Hornet CV8 of Doolittle Raid fame and herself a highly decorated WWII veteran, is a floating museum in Alameda, California, at the very same dock where the Hornet CV8 loaded the B-25s and sailed into history. We salute all members of Task Force 16 for their bravery and contribution.

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

March 22, 1942, The War Goes Badly, USS Nashville Begins Secret Training

General MacArthur, having fled the Philippines on orders of President Roosevelt, and after spending 11 days and nearly 3,000 miles in a strategic retreat, arrived in Melbourne, Australia, greeted by a few hundred American troops in pith helmets and several thousand Australians eager for any degree of hope in an increasingly bleak horizon of war news. Curiously, the General is awarded the Medal of Honor by General George Marshall. German and Japanese high commands scoff at MacArthur and don’t expect to hear much more of him.

Meanwhile, the news from the Philippines continues to go from very bad to horrific as American and Philippine troops are cornered on Corregidor and Bataan and resort to eating their horses, mules, various lizards and monkeys to stay alive, barely. Inevitably, dysentery, beri-beri and a host of other tropical niceties begin to take their toll on the number of able-bodied soldiers available to resist the Japanese onslaught. Japanese General Masaharu Homma orders heavy shelling against the beleaguered troops trapped like rats.

The USS Nashville had just arrived in San Diego the day before along with the USS Hornet and support vessels. The Nashville crew got a few days liberty before training started on March 23, training for the upcoming but still top secret raid that would irreversibly change the war on April 18, 1942.

Monday, December 13, 2010

Kamikaze Strikes Nashville 66 Years Ago Today

This is a brief excerpt from the book:

At 1457, just as the Nashville was coming about the southern end of Negros Island, steaming towards the Sulu Sea, sharp-eyed lookouts spotted a Val single engine plane at 5,000 feet just over the island off the starboard side of the ship. The crew thought the ship astern was the target and indeed it appeared that way from the dive path of the plane. Crewmembers were thinking, “Oh God, they are going to get it if that plane gets through.” But then in an instant the pilot banked so hard left that his wings were perpendicular to the water, and with that the fate of the Nashville and her crew was forever altered. Men watched in horror and disbelief as they could see bombs fastened on both wings as the plane bore down on them with every intention of killing as many of them as possible. Apparently aiming for the bridge, where nearly thirty officers and men were present, the tip of the right wing caught the end of a 40mm anti-aircraft gun port- side just aft and the plane slammed into the Nashville amidships at 400 miles an hour with an instant and powerful impact. The ship violently bolted and shuddered, the first evidence for the crew below decks that something had gone horribly wrong. The bomb on the right wing exploded ten feet above the port five-inch battery, sending a powerful shockwave and a deadly shrapnel spray across the deck, ripping through steel bulkheads, gun barrels, ammunition, decking, and human beings. The left wing broke loose and its bomb exploded ten feet above the starboard five-inch battery, shooting a violent concussion wave and hundreds of pieces of red-hot jagged shrapnel in all directions. Body parts, specks of flesh, fluids of both man and machine blew through doorways, along bulkheads, against men, and down hallways along much of the length of the ship.
Aviation gasoline spewed forth soaking men, ammunition, guns, and everything else before exploding in a millisecond, sending flames more than seventy feet forward and higher than the ship’s smokestacks. Searing fires erupted from the foremast to the mainmast topside. The blast literally clogged the on deck blow intakes and momentarily knocked out the fires in the fireroom, but men like John. W. Bosier CMM ran topside, cleared the intakes, and relit the fires quickly.
Fires also erupted on the second deck, in the #2 fireroom, uptakes on the third deck, and in the superstructure as high as the signal bridge. The burning aviation fuel then ignited a five-inch ready ammunition box portside causing more deadly explosions. Still, the horror continued as the fifty-caliber machine gun ammunition from the Japanese plane exploded as did some of the ship’s 20mm and 40mm ammunition, creating a deadly blast of bullets and shrapnel flying in all directions.
The scene on deck was nothing short of pure horror surpassing a man’s worst nightmares. The Nashville was a vessel of death and destruction. Men were blown overboard. Men’s bodies were penetrated by jagged searing hot metal fragments, limbs were torn from torsos, torsos from trunks, and some simply disintegrated in the concussion and fire. The ship itself fared no better than the crew. Large five-inch guns were twisted like putty, melted and put out of commission as were 40mm and 20mm guns amidships, the thirty-six-inch searchlights simply ceased to exist, the teak decks were shredded like toothpicks, bulkheads crushed and burnt, paint seared off, gun barrels twisted like straws.
A bomb or shell exploding on a ship kills and maims in multiple, horrible ways. The pressure of the blast itself attacks in a wave that crushes bodies, strips flesh and muscle from bone, and in some cases totally vaporizes human beings. It is not simply metal bomb fragments that also kill but the ship’s own metal pieces blasted into tiny fragments, even liquefied that then pass through a man’s body at hypersonic speed.
The memory of the attack remained seared into the minds of the survivors for the rest of their lives. James D. Baccus was stationed in Turret 1 for general quarters. “We had just come back from the Mess Hall and I was sitting on the deck inside the turret, playing Backgammon, when the ship shook and there was one hell of a noise. I then looked through the scuttle hole in the deck of the turret, where the shell cases are ejected to the ship’s deck, and several sailors were crawling under the overhang for protection. They were bloody, some with legs and arms either gone or badly injured.” Most of the men James saw would not survive.
“So many of my shipmates, some close friends dead and wounded. The wounds were so terrible, especially the burns,” remembered William Smith, Chief Shipfitter.
Hugh D. Patrick and a buddy ran topside as soon as they realized what had happened and they immediately heard frantic pounding on a closed hatch. They opened the hatch and continued forward to see if they could help and then in essence rescued a doomed sailor. It was almost fifty years later that Frank Prentice tracked down Hugh to thank him for saving his life by opening that hatch.
GM3c Alfonso Garcia Vejar had just left his station as he was relieved and went below deck to eat. The man that took his place was killed instantly. Alfonso was alive by sheer chance and fate.
James Clark received a Purple Heart as a result of the attack, “I was stationed in a 40mm gun director with a guy named Johnson when the kamikaze attack occurred, the plane hit directly below us. Our gun crew, which was one level below and closer to the plane, was hit hard. Later, after all the fires were out I was back at my station and witnessed a Marine near the top of the ladder who was so badly wounded his body was just a heap and his clothing was smoldering. I didn’t know how this man could be alive. When a Marine officer approached him he held out his hand and said, ‘help me sir.’ I know that Marine officer has had many nightmares about that incident and I can still see it.”
The blast blew men into bulkheads, across the deck and through doorways. Ed Roiek MM1 was blown clear through two doorways yet managed to survive.
“I was told to switch the shift with one of my shipmates,” said Maury Jack Wood, Ship Cook 1c. “The kamikaze hit the ship where a shipmate took my shift. He was killed and it should have been me. I will never forget this as long as I live. I have shared this information with my family.”
Those that were below decks were lucky and they knew it. John J. Cotton SK2c said, “I am here because I was in a repair party below decks.”
Young Edward “Bulldog” Remler rushed into the overcrowded Sick Bay to help the doctors and medics any way he could. Wounded, dead, and dieing were piling up in the corridor as if they were coming off an assembly line. Horribly mangled men all about, screams of agony, groans, vomiting, blood mixed with body fluids of all sorts pooling up to his ankles, the sound of anti-aircraft guns firing and exploding ammunition decks above him formed a Kaleidoscope memory in his mind, never to fully leave him. Incredibly, there was another memory to return even more forcefully in his future. Bulldog had to hold men down while limbs were amputated, sometimes without full anesthesia. After the first amputation the doctor told him to take the severed leg of a sailor. Bulldog burst out, “What do you want me to do with it?” and was promptly told to toss it into a corner where others were beginning to form a sizeable pile. Nearly fifty years later, at one of the ship’s reunions, he spotted a one-legged man in a wheelchair, someone he had not seen at any prior reunion. It was of course that first sailor he held. They became fast friends and at times traveled together on vacations and to reunions.

Monday, December 6, 2010

Remember Pearl Harbor, Never Forget

Remembrance of the “Day that will live in infamy” should be more than a statistical recital of dead and wounded, of ships sunk and airplanes shot down. It should also be a moment of understanding of what happened and an appreciation of the impact it had and continues to have on our national psyche. And of course is should be a solemn moment of reflection and reverence for sacrifices made.

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor galvanized public opinion in a manner never seen in American history. As there were an almost unbelievable series of sequential and parallel events that collectively made it possible for a high risk attack to become a stunningly brilliant tactical victory (albeit a massively failed strategic one), an equal number of Japanese mistakes ensured that the American public would forever see it as the most treacherous and backstabbing behavior any country has inflicted on another. Japan would pay a severe price for that mistake.

For a few years historical revisionists drunk with conspiracy theories and empowered by a culture of political correctness sought to blame American foreign policy or even FDR himself for the Pearl Harbor attack. Looking through the hysteria of such academically anemic behavior and at the facts only returns us to an indisputable truth: the United States and Japan were not at war and were actively engaged in diplomatic talks to avert such a horror when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on the morning of what most Americans considered a religious day, killing over 2,000 people. In a court of law that would be considered premeditated murder with special circumstances. In politics it is considered an unwarranted act of war.

The Japan that committed such a dishonorable act no longer exists. By September 1945 that Japan was so thoroughly defeated militarily, economically, emotionally and psychologically, that after the end of the war the Japanese people almost immediately became our friends and have remained so to this day.

A few years ago when I was sitting through the introductory film at the Arizona Memorial, I noticed a large number of Japanese visitors, teenagers for the most part, and I was glad they were there. I was aware that the current Japanese education system teaches the war as beginning with an “incident” in China and ending with the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. As the film progressed and the teenagers witnessed the attack, most looked dumbfounded and slowly sank down into their seats. They were particularly quiet and respectful when the Navy launch took us to the memorial. We must, and do forgive the subsequent generations of horrendous acts, but we must never forget. There are 1,102 men resting in the Arizona and an estimated 47 resting in the Utah on the bottom of Pearl Harbor that will always remind us.

Remember Pearl Harbor.

Thursday, November 11, 2010

What Veterans Day Means To Me

What does Veterans Day mean to you? A day of sparsely attended parades or 15 second stock shots on the evening news? A day of a few flags here and there in the neighborhood? A day off from work? Or something more?

There will be many articles written today regarding Veterans Day, some of them eloquent and moving, some complex and thoughtful, many more perhaps rote and automatic. There is no need to complicate the meaning of Veterans Day. To me, it is blindingly simple.

Today means that someone gave up their youth so I could have one. It means someone spent months and years away from family so I could be with mine. It means someone gave up their life so I could have one of liberty. They sacrificed so I may have the freedom of choice in every area of my life. They suffered so I could vote, criticize the government, get an education, live wherever I want, travel unhindered, worship or not as I wish, and write anything I desire regarding Veterans Day or any other topic. Simple, yes? And profound.

Thank a Veteran today. Give thought, if only for a moment, of what you have because of their sacrifices. And honor them by living a good life.

Wednesday, November 10, 2010

Humble Heroes WWII: USMC: HAPPY 235TH BIRTHDAY. SEMPER FIDELIS!

Humble Heroes WWII: USMC: HAPPY 235TH BIRTHDAY. SEMPER FIDELIS!: "On November 10, 1775, at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, the United States Marine Corp was born by an act of Congress. Two battalions of Contin..."